Iconoclasts and Their Motives

16 September 17 January Alte Pinakothek Amsterdam Antwerp appears April assailant assault Banning Cocq beeldenstorm Beenakker 1971 behaviour Boydell Briels Bruyn Kops Christensen 1979 churches cited Clapp course Culemborg damaged in 1977 Dance round destroyed destruction detail Dowsing Duke/Kolff especially examples Freedberg 1973 further Gamboni Geerds Geschiedenis Golden Calf Groningen Het Parool Hijmans historians history of art ibid iconoclasm iconoclastic acts iconoclastic movements image and prototype image-breaking individual instances Jacob Cornelisz Kassel kind Kinnane Kleijntjens 1948 Kronen Zeitung Laszlo Toth Leutard Leven London Loppersum Maar magical Master of Alkmaar Menschen Michelangelo's Pietà mijn motivation Museum mutilation Nachtwacht National Gallery Netherlands Neue Kronen Zeitung niet Nightwatch objects painting picture political Portrait Poussin psychological Rembrandt reports restoration Rijk Rijksmuseum Rokeby Venus Rombout Verhulst round the Golden Rubens's seems Shakespeare Gallery sixteenth century slashed social somehow statement study of iconoclasm Telegraaf Virgin or Saint zijn