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And the particular interests of the 2 States being now in every respect identified, it is further mutually agreed, that if disturbances shall at any time break out in the Districts ceded to the Honourable Company by this Treaty, His Highness the Nabob Asoph Jah shall permit such a portion of the Subsidiary Force as may be requisite, to be employed in quelling the same within the said Districts. If disturbances shall at any time break out in any part of His Highness's Dominions contiguous to the Company's Frontier, to which it might be inconvenient to detach any proportion of the Subsidiary Troops, the British Government in like manner, if required by His Highness the Nabob Asoph Jah, shall direct such proportion of the Troops of the Company, as may be most conveniently stationed for this purpose, to assist in quelling the said disturbances within His Highness's Dominions.

XVIII. Whereas, by the favour of Providence, a perfect union, harmony, and concord, have long and firmly subsisted between the Honourable East India Company, His Highness the Nabob Asoph Jah, His Highness the Peshwah Rao Pundit Purdhaun, and Rajah Rhagojee Bhoosillah; therefore, should His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun, and Rajah Rhagojee Bhoosillah, or either of them, express a desire to participate in the benefits of the present Defensive Alliance, which is calculated to strengthen and perpetuate the foundations of general tranquillity, the Contracting Parties will readily admit both or either of the said Powers to be Members of the present Alliance, on such terms and conditions as shall appear just and expedient to the Contracting Parties.

XIX. The Contracting Parties, being actuated by a sincere desire to promote and maintain general tranquillity, will admit Dowlut Rao Scindiah to be a Party to the present Treaty, whenever he shall satisfy the Contracting Parties of his disposition to cultivate the relations of Peace and Amity with both States, and shall give such securities for the maintenance of tranquillity, as shall appear to the Contracting Parties to be sufficient.

XX. This Treaty, consisting of 20 Articles, being this day settled by Captain James Achilles Kirkpatrick with the Nabob Asoph Jah Behauder, Captain Kirkpatrick has delivered one Copy thereof, in English and Persian, signed and sealed by himself, to the said Nabob, who on his part has also delivered one Copy of the same, duly executed by himself; and Captain Kirkpatrick, by virtue of especial authority given to him on that behalf by the Most Noble the Governor General in Council, hereby declares the said Treaty to be in full force from the date hereof, and engages to procure and deliver to His Highness, in the space of 30 days, a Copy of the same from the Governor General in Council, in every respect the Counterpart of that executed by himself; and on the delivery of such Copy, the Treaty

executed by Captain Kirkpatrick shall be returned, but the additional Subsidiary Force, specified in the IIIrd Article, shall be immediately required by His Highness the Nizam, and furnished by the Honourable Company; and all the other Articles shall be in full force from this time.

Signed, sealed and exchanged, at Hydrabad, on the 12th October, Anno Domini 1800, or 22ud Jemmadee-ul Awul, Anno Hegiræ 1215. J. A. KIRKPATRICK, Resident.

[See Separate and Secret Articles, Page 263.]

No. 3.-TREATY with the Peshwa.-Bassein, 31st December, 1802. Treaty of perpetual and general Defensive Alliance between the Honourable English East India Company, and His Highness the Peshwa Baju Rao Ragonaut Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder, his Children, Heirs, and Successors, settled by Lieutenant-Colonel Barry Close, Resident at the Court of His Highness, by virtue of the Powers delegated to him by His Excellency the Most Noble Richard Marquis Wellesley, Knight of the Most Illustrious Order of St. Patrick, one of His Britannic Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, Governor-General in Council, appointed by the Honourable Court of Directors of the said Honourable Company, to direct and control all their Affairs in the East Indies.

WHEREAS, by the blessing of God, the relations of Peace and Friendship have uninterruptedly subsisted, for a length of time, between the Honourable English East India Company, and His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder, and have been confirmed, at different periods, by Treaties of Amity and Union; the Powers aforesaid, adverting to the complexion of the times, have determined, with a view to the preservation of peace and tranquillity, to enter into a general Defensive Alliance for the complete and reciprocal protection of their respective Territories, together with those of their several Allies and Dependants, against the unprovoked aggressions or unjust encroachments of all or any Enemies whatever.

ART. I. The Peace, Union and Friendship, so long subsisting between the 2 States, shall be promoted and increased by this Treaty, and shall be perpetual. The Friends and Enemies of either, shall be the Friends and Enemies of both; and the Contracting Parties agree, that all the former Treaties and Agreements between the 2 States, now in force, and not contrary to the tenour of this Engagement, shall be confirmed by it.

II. If any Power or State whatever shall commit any act of unprovoked hostility or aggression against either of the Contracting Parties, or against their respective Dependants or Allies, and after due representation shall refuse to enter into amicable explanation, or

shall deny the just satisfaction or indemnity which the Contracting Parties shall have required, then the Contracting Parties will proceed to concert and prosecute such further measures as the case shall appear to demand.

For the more distinct explanation of the true intent and effect of this Agreement, the Governor-General in Council, on behalf of the Honourable Company, hereby declares, that the British Government will never permit any Power or State whatever, to commit with impunity any act of unprovoked hostility or aggression against the Rights and Territories of His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder, but will, at all times, maintain and defend the same, in the same manner as the Rights and Territories of the Honourable Company are now maintained and defended.

III. With a view to fulfil this Treaty of general defence and protec、 tion, His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder agrees to receive, and the Honourable East India Company to furnish, a permanent Subsidiary Force, of not less than 6,000 regular Native Infantry, with the usual proportion of Field-pieces and European Artillerymen attached, and with the proper equipment of warlike stores and ammunition, which Force is to be accordingly stationed, in perpetuity, in His said Highness's Territories.

IV. For the regular payment of the whole expense of the said Subsidiary Force, His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder hereby assigns and cedes, in perpetuity, to the Honourable East-India Company, all the Territories detailed in the Schedule annexed to this Treaty.

V. As it may be found that certain of the Territories ceded by the foregoing Article to the Honourable Company may be inconvenient from their situation; His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder, for the purpose of rendering the boundary line of the Honourable Company's possession a good and well-defended one, agrees that such exchanges of Talooks, or lands, shall be made hereafter, on terms of a fair valuation of their respective Revenues, as the completion of the said purpose may require. And it is agreed and covenanted, that the Territories to be assigned and ceded to the Honourable Company by the IVth Article, or in consequence of the exchange stipulated eventually in this Article, shall be subject to the exclusive management and authority of the said Company and of their Officers.

VI. Notwithstanding the total annual Expense of the Subsidiary Force is estimated at 25 lacks of Rupees, His said Highness has agreed to cede, by Article IV., lands estimated to yield annually the sum of 26 lacks of Rupees, the additional lack being intended to meet possible deficiencies in the Revenues of the said lands, and save the Honourable Company from loss.

VII. After the conclusion of this Treaty, and as soon as the British

Resident shall signify to His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder, that the Honourable Company's Officers are prepared to take charge of the Districts ceded by Article IV., His Highness will immediately issue the necessary Perwannahs, or Orders, to his Officers, to deliver over charge of the same to the Officers of the Honourable Company. And it is hereby agreed and stipulated, that all collections made by His Highness's Officers, subsequently to the date of the Treaty, and before the Officers of the Honourable Company shall have taken charge of the said Districts, shall be carried to the credit of the Honourable Company, and all Claims to Balances from the said Districts, referring to periods antecedent to the conclusion of this Treaty, shall be considered as null and void.

VIII. All Forts situated within the Districts to be ceded as aforesaid, shall be delivered to the Officers of the Honourable Company with the said Districts; and His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder engages, that the said Forts shall be delivered to the Honourable Company without being injured or damaged, and with their ordinary equipment of ordnance, stores, and provisions.

IX. Grain, and all other articles of consumption, and provisions, and all sorts of materials for wearing apparel, together with the necessary numbers of cattle, horses, and camels, required for the use of the Subsidiary Force, shall be entirely exempted from duties; and the Commanding Officer, and Officers of the said Subsidiary Force, shall be treated, in all respects, in a manner suitable to the dignity and greatness of both States. The subsidiary Force will, at all times, be ready to execute services of importance, such as the protection of the person of His Highness, his Heirs, and Successors, the overawing and chastisement of Rebels, or exciters of disturbance in His Highness's Dominions, and the due correction of His Subjects or Dependants, who may withhold the payment of the Sircar's just claims; but it is not to be employed on trifling occasions, nor, like Sebundy, to be stationed in the Country to collect the Revenues, nor against any of the principal branches of the Mahratta Empire, nor in levying contributions from Mahratta Dependants in the manner of Moolkgeere.

X. Whereas much inconvenience has arisen from certain claims and demands of the Mahratta State, affecting the City of Surat; it is agreed, that a just calculation shall be made of the value of the said Claims, by His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder, and the Government of Bombay; and in consequence of the intimate friendship now established between the Contracting Parties, His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder agrees, for Himself, his Heirs, and Successors, to relinquish for ever all the Rights, Claims, and Privileges of the Mahratta State, affecting the said City of Surat, and all Collections on that account shall cease and determine from the day on which this Treaty shall be concluded; in consideration of which act

of friendship, the Honourable East-India Company agrees that a piece of land, yielding a sum equal to the estimated value of the said claims of the Mahratta State, shall be deducted from the Districts ceded by Article IV.; and on the same principle, and from similar considerations, His Highness further agrees, that the amount of the Collections made for the Poona State, under the Title of Nogabundy, in the Pergunnahs of Chourassy and Chickly, shall be ascertained, by an average taken from the receipts of a certain number of years, or by such other mode of calculation as may be determined on; and His said Highness doth further agree, for Himself, his Heirs, and Successors, to relinquish for ever the Nogabundy Collections aforesaid, and they shall accordingly cease from the conclusion of this Treaty. And it is agreed and stipulated, that a piece of land, yielding a sum equal to the amount of the said Nogabundy collection, shall be deducted from the Districts ceded by Article IV., in the same manner as stipulated in regard to the Choute of Surat.

XI. Whereas it has been usual for His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder to enlist and retain in his service Europeans of different Countries; His said Highness hereby agrees and stipulates, that in the event of War breaking out between the English and any European Nation, and of discovery being made that any European or Europeans in his service, belonging to such Nation at War with the English, shall have meditated injury towards the English, or have entered into intrigues hostile to their interest, such European or Europeans, so offending, shall be discharged by His said Highness, and not suffered to reside in his Dominions.

XII. Inasmuch as, by the present Treaty, the Contracting Parties are bound in a general Defensive Alliance, for mutual defence and protection against all Enemies, His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder consequently engages, never to commit any act of personal hostility and aggression against His Highness the Nabob Asoph Jah Behauder, or any of the Honourable Company's Allies or Dependants, or against any of the principal branches of the Mahratta Empire, or against any Power whatever; and in the event of differences arising, whatever adjustment the Company's Government, weighing matters in the scale of truth and justice, may determine, shall meet with full approbation and acquiescence.

XIII. And whereas certain differences, referring to past transactions, are known to subsist between the Sirkar of His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder, and the Sirkar of His Highness the Nabob Asoph Jah Behauder, and whereas an amicable adjustment of those differences must be highly desirable for the welfare and benefit of both the said Sirkars; His Highness Rao Pundit Purdhaun Behauder, with a view to the above end, agrees, and accordingly binds Himself, his

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