essor W. S. McKechnie. The versi se the now standard tran MacLehose and Mr. H. W. C. Davis. Three French Revolutionary d of the Charters is that by Bishop Stubbs, a are taken by permission from the Translations and Reprints by the Department of History, University of Pennsylvania, Professor F. M. Anderson's well known collection illustra modern history of France. The other documents are tra from official or semi-official sources, as indicated in the foot-n HUTTON WE LINCOLN, NEBRASKA August, 1920 2. CONFIRMATION OF THE CHARTERS, 1297. 5. NEW ENGLAND CONFEDERATION, 1643. IO. RESOLUTIONS OF THE STAMP ACT CONGRESS, 1765. II. VIRGINIA BILL OF RIGHTS, 1776... 12. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE, 1776. 13. ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION, 1778.. 14. NORTHWEST ORDINANCE, 1787.... 15. CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES, 1787. 16. DECREE ABOLISHING THE FEUDAL SYSTEM, 1789. 17. DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF MAN AND OF THE CIT 18. ADDRESS TO ALL PEOPLES, 1792. 19. WASHINGTON'S FAREWELL ADDRESS, 1796. 24. COMMUNIST MANIFESTO, 1848. 25. DECLARATION OF PARIS, 1856. 26. LINCOLN'S FIRST INAUGURAL ADDRESS, 1861. 27. GETTYSBURG ADDRESS, 1863... 28. PEACE CIRCULAR OF NICHOLAS II, 1898. 29. FINAL ACT OF THE FIRST HAGUE PEACE CONFERENC 30. ROOSEVELT'S INAUGURAL ADDRESS, 1905. 31. WILSON'S FOURTEEN POINTS, 1918.. 32. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE OF THE CZECHO-SL Henry I, Stephen, and Henry II, had issued coronat sion charters restricting the authority of the sovere of nobles, clergy, and commons. Magna Carta wa by and based upon these earlier grants. The 1 forced it on the king took care that it should be wi and distributed sealed copies throughout the land four are still in existence: two in the British Museu in the cathedrals of Lincoln and Salisbury, respect division of the document into a preamble and six ticles is not found in any of the original copies; it device for convenience of reference. Much of the not now be understood without special research constitutional and legal history. Every student familiar, however, with at least articles I, XII, XV, XX, XXVIII, XXIX, XXXIX-XLII, XLV and LXIII. THE GREAT CHARTER, 1215 John, by the grace of God, king of England, lord of I of Normandy and Aquitaine, and count of Anjou, to the bishops, abbots, earls, barons, justiciars, foresters, sherif servants, and to all his bailiffs and liege subjects, greet that, having regard to God and for the salvation of our so of all our ancestors and heirs, and unto the honor of God vancement of Holy Church, and for the reform of our r vice of our venerable fathers, Stephen, archbishop of 1 W. S. McKechnie, Magna Carta, pp. 185-479, passim. S Glasgow, 1914. James MacLehose and Sons. Poitou), Hugh de Neville, Matthew Fitz Herbert, Thomas Ba Alan Bassett, Philip d'Aubigny, Robert of Roppesley, John Mars John Fitz Hugh, and others, our liegemen. I. In the first place, we have granted to God, and by this present charter confirmed for us and our heirs forever that the Eng Church shall be free, and shall have her rights entire, and her li ties inviolate: and we will that it be thus observed; which is appar from this that the freedom of elections, which is reckoned most portant and very essential to the English Church, we, of our pure a unconstrained will, did grant, and did by our charter confirm and obtain the ratification of the same from our lord, Pope Innocent I before the quarrel arose between us and our barons: and this we v observe, and our will is that it be observed in good faith by our he forever. We have also granted to all freemen of our kingdom, us and our heirs forever, all the underwritten liberties, to be had a held by them and their heirs, of us and our heirs forever. II. If any of our earls or barons, or others holding of us in chi by military service shall have died, and at the time of his death heir shall be full of age and owe relief, he shall have his inheritance payment of the ancient relief, namely, the heir or heirs of an ear £100 for a whole earl's barony; the heir or heirs of a baron, £1 for a whole barony; the heir or heirs of a knight, 100's. at most for whole knight's fee; and whoever owes less let him give less, accordin to the ancient custom of fiefs. III. If, however, the heir of any of the aforesaid has been unde age and in wardship, let him have his inheritance without relief an without fine when he comes of age. IV. The guardian of the land of an heir who is thus under ag shall take from the land of the heir nothing but reasonable produce reasonable customs, and reasonable services, and that without de |