fome gently rifing toward the hills, fome to the lake, difcovering the fituation of Zurich, the lake, befide which it is built, the Limmat and the water fluice, make this a charming place. Thofe liberal expences, which characterife a free people, are incurred here as well for the profit as the pleasure of the burghers. The ingenious author, whofe acute and just remarks have from the lines of the face pointed out the propenfities of the man, maintains that the police of a town may be known from its pavement. It is natural that free citizens fhould equally confult their convenience and their advantage; and, where the government is in one, or in many, it would be equally advantageous to the one, or the many, were the enjoyments as well as the neceffities of the whole their undeviating rule of action. A ftanding army, a brilliant court, a thousand expences of never fatisfied caprice, and a vain and ruinous luxury, exhauft in many kingdoms the riches of their impoverished lands; but do not give happiness to their inhabitants. The fountain, which should water the fields of the farmer, is made to rush through the brazen throat of a dragon; or the marble breaft of a mermaid and is the token of a royal garden, the gates of which are fhut upon the citizen, by whofe labour and at whofe expence it has been conftructed. Military Anecdotes. In their military arrangements with France, the Swifs have ftipula ted that their regiments fhall neither crofs the Rhine, to invade Germany, nor be tranfported to parts beyond fea. The prince de Soubife, during the feven years war, required the Swifs to cross the Rhine with the French army; and was oppofed by Lochmann, the general of the Swifs and a native of Zürich. Soubife angrily asked, of what ufe then are you? Lochman drily replied, We will cover your retreat. Soubife however furrounded the Swifs with French regiments, and obliged them to cross the Rhine. At Rofbach, the Swifs food long after the French had fled; and did not retreat till a great part of the combined army and two thirds of Lochmann's regiment lay dead on the plain. That the Swifs fhould not have been more bold in their remonftrances to the French for this violence, and fhould have fuffered their fellow citizens to be fent to Coifica, is not to the honour of this otherwife noble people. The jagers, or light horfe, are thought to be the best of the troops of Zurich. Monument of Geffner. During my stay here, the monument, which the friends and admirers of Solomon Geffner, the poet, afsociated to erect to his memory, arrived from Rome. It is the work of Trippel, the famous fculptor of Schaffhaufen; and is an excellent performance, worthy of the great poet of Zurich, and his fellow citizens. It confifts of a white marble flab, about five feet high and four broad: where the two fhepherds of Geffner, Daphnis and Micon, are cut in alte relieve; at the inftant when Micon makes a libation to the memory of the father of his friend. Perhaps you do not recollect this beautiful idyl of Geffner. The goat of Daphnis and Micon has ftrayed from the flock, and waded into a marfh. The fhepherds endeavour to relieve it; and Micon dif covers a fallen arch, and learns from Daphnis that it is a fepulchre. Micon fees an urn, lying in the hollow; and is terrified at the figures carved round it, which, as he fays, appear to him to be rifing from its fides-A dreadful warrior and a furious fteed! Behold how his hoofs trample on the wounded wounded and the fallen! This man could never have been a shepherd.' Daphnis replies, 'He was a mon fter; who laid wafte the fruitful fields, and made freemen flaves-The hoofs of his war horfes have trodden down the corn; and he frewed the barren fields with the bodies of our forefa'thers. As the ravenous wolf devours the flock, so did his warriors deftroy the innocent; who did him no wrong.' Micon wonders at the wickednefs and folly of the inhuman wretch; and remarks that now reptiles fwarm in the urn and its bed 'Who but muft fmile to fee the toad crawling in the helmet of the furious hero; and the blind worm feated on his threatning fword?' The fhepherds then converfe a while on this warrior; and Micon exclaims, No, rather than be guilty of fuch odious crimes, though it were to gain a world, I would live the malter only of two goats, and a pure heart; detefting fuch wickedness. One of thefe I would willingly facrifice to the gods; with thanks, for making me thus happy. Give the wicked the riches of the whole earth, ftill they are not happy.' 'Let us begone;' anfwered Daph nis. Let us leave a place, which excites only melancholy and bitternefs. Follow me, I will fhew thee a different monument, erected by my father, a man of an upright heart.' Daphnis left the herd to Alexis, and led his friend, through meadows, by the grove of Terminus, hung with the clustering hop. They continued their way. On the right of the narLow path, the grafs reached their knees. On the left, the corn grew; the cars waving above their fhoulders. They came to the calm fhades of fruitful trees; among which a neat cottage flood. In this cool and pleaf ant place, Daphnis fpread a fmall table; and brought a basket of fruit, and a refreshing jug of wine. ་ Tell me,' faid Micon, where is the monument thy father built; that the first cup may be emptied to the memory of fo worthy a man?' 'Hére, friend,' anfwered Daphnis. This peaceful abode, what thou now beholdeft, is the monument of his fame. This was once a barren place; his industry made it fruitful; his hand planted thefe orchards; to him our thanks, we, who are his chidren, and all our defcendants, for all our enjoyments, for all the good we give and receive, for these to him our thanks are due. The bleffing of the virtuous man rests upon us; and fructifies these fields, thefe meadows, and these filent groves.' Here is to thy memory, then, oh noble fhade!' faid Micon, and emptied his cup. Oh worthy monument, conducive to the profperity of virtuous defcendants, the founder of which though dead is still beneficent!" It seems to me that a better paffage could not have been selected from the works of the poet, for the monument erected to his memory: nor could it have been trusted to a more mafterly hand than that of Trippel; who, recollecting that his labours were for the honour of a countryman, must have found his faculties roufed; and it is evident that he executed his task con amore. At prefent this monument is placed under a large awning, on the great walk; and it is intended to be erected in a circular grove on this very walk; which is beautiful and much frequented, particularly every Sunday after dinner. In the afternoon on a Thursday, the youth of Zurich are accustomed to affemble here. It is a fpacious place, adorned with the linden, poplar, wild afh, and other trees; and lies between the Siehl and the Limmat; which at the end of the walk fall into each other. The minifter Bodmer delighted in this walk. I remember having feen him here, furrounded and refpected by the young and the old. REMARKS 331 (REMARKS ON THE FUNDED DEBT, THE COMMERCE, COINS, AND CURRENCY OF THE AMERICA. From the Monthly Magazine. HE exceeding great difference in the currency of the American Provinces, has occafioned much mifapprehenfion concerning the actual price of both labour and provifions; their respective relative prices cannot be judged of by the nominal value of their provincial currency, but require to be calculated by the intrinfic value of the coin which it reprefents, and its relative value to the money of Europe. At New York, the dollar paffes for 8 s. currency, yet when they pay England for the goods they import, they estimate the fame dollar at about 4 s. 6 d. fterl. or at the rate which Great Britain reckons it in exchange with America. In New York, a labourer receiving half a dollar, or 4 s. currency, wages per day, muft buy all the neceffaries for his fubfiftence at the fame rate; whilft the labourer at North Carolina, where the fame dollar is current only at 4s. 8d. receives equal wages at only 2s. 4d. per day; but this by no means proves which of the two is able to command moft of the neceffaries of life; nor does it follow, that New York cannot afford to export her produce as cheap as North Carolina, provided there are no other local caufes, which operate to enhance their cost; for not withstanding the vaft difference in the value of their currency, it will only have a mere nominal operation upon either labour, provifions, or other produce. The present state of America, both in refpect of population and capital, is a greater impediment to the progrefs of her manufactures, than the price of labour. It is more to her intereft to employ the capital the draws from her credit (principally with this country) to promote her agriculture; for her, therefore, to undertake for many years to come to manufacture for herfelf would hinder her increafing population, and deprive her of the capital fhe now profitably beftows upon the cultivation of her land, and raifing from her foil a vast variety of produce, to give in exchange for the commodities the wants. The impolicy of Europe, and of this country in particular, by pursu ing a system unavoidably calculated to increase the population of America, and to diminish their own, to enhance the prices both of labour and provifions; will probably oblige America to anticipate her manufac tures, and by the dearnefs of the markets the used to be fupplied from, make it more practicable for her to attempt the introduction of fimilar manufactures. Example of Duty on Goods in each Currency, at 15 Cents per £. Currency. New Jerfey S. Carolina Sterling New England On £. 2.70 is L. 360 New York L. 280 At 15 Cents, duty is 6750 4200 Curr. Cents Amount Currency Amount in Sterling Per Cent at L.270 Sterl, is 916 9 9 3 I Example of Duty on Goods at 15 Cents per Dollar. N. B. I Cent per Dollar is equal to £1 fterling per Cent, and fo in proportion, New England Sterling £270 is £. 360 New York £., 480 1200 180,00 180 New Jersey I 200 180,00 S. Carolina £. 480 1200 180,00 180 180 The proportion between £. Sterling and Dollars, in the four American Currencies, is as 81 to 360, or 4s 6d. for a Dollar. To reduce £. Sterling into American Dollars, multiply by 40, and divide by 9. And to reduce Sterling into Currency, make the faid multipliers, divisors; and the di South Carolina to To reduce the Currencies into each other. ditto 5-7ths. New Jersey (multiply by 45-and divide by 28) The application of the above directions to the former statements, are too obvious to require any operations to illuftrate them. The debt of the United States of America, foreign and domeftic, is about fixteen millions fterling. The domeftic debt has been provided for by the following stocks: 3 per Ct. Sto. at 48 yields int. £6 2 per at 80 Cent. 5 & 1 do. Cent. 6 per Ct. do. at 80 Cent. is is 6 17 6per 7 10 per Deferred ftock, bearing intereft at 6 per cent. from the 1ft Jan. 1801, at 63, with compound intereft from Feb. 1797, will only cost 771. and yield an interest of 71. 155. 10d. per cent. The afore-quoted prices are about their prefent value. The whole ftock is in dollars, at the rate of 4s. 6d. fterling per dol. lar. Befides the faid four funded flocks, a national bank is established at Philadelphia, on the fame principle as the Bank of England, and confifts of twenty-five thousand fhares of four hundred dollars each, or 90 pounds fterling-which, at the price of 1021. and the average dividend of 81. per cent, yield an interest of 71. Is. per cent. The exchange is 8, will most likely continue in favour of the payment of the intereft, to the holders of stock in this country. A NEW DESCRIPTIVE ACCOUNT OF BUDE, THE CAPITAL OF HUNGARY. THE E entrance into Bude is the most unfavourable that can be conceived. There are no fortifications nor even gates to this city; and you enter the metropolis of Hungary as you do one of its villages: and as the Jews have occupied the first part of the town, it is not neceffary to fay, that the first thing that strikes you is poverty and filthiness. Travels in Hungary. Peft and Bude as one; for they are only feparated by the Danube, over which there is a bridge of boats, and then this city is very refpectable in its extent and population; Peft containing fixteen, and Bude or Offen twenty-two thousand inhabitants. The finest public and private buildings are in Peft, and within the fortrefs. The royal palace is a vast and ftately pile of building. The hofpital for invalids, now used I think as caferns, is fine and fpacious, and the internal economy of it, good: it is calculated for four thousand men ; but on emergencies can receive double that number. The governor was fo obliging as to conduct me through it himself. I was greatly pleased to fee with what mildness he treated his men, and they in return looked up to him as to their friend. He Tt2 If in this direction the metropolis does not strike you with its beauty, it does with its extent. From the time I took in going to my inn, I think the town must be three or four miles long; but as it has the Danube on the left, and the fortress on the right, it is very narrow. When we fpeak of our metropolis, we generally confider the three towns which compofe it, as one: fo here we may confider the cities of receives |