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tunate expedition was yet confiderable. Rear-admiral Nelfon loft his right arm by a cannon-fhot. Cspt. Bowen, of the Terpsichore, an excellent and refpectable of ficer, with his firft lieutenant and the whole of his boat's crew, went to the bottom by a thell falling in the boat in which they were rowing to the fhore. The captain of marines of the Emerald frigate was alfo killed, and capt. Freemantle wounded. The total lofs in killed and wounded was fomething fhort of 300 men—a flaughter almost as numerous as in the memorable victory of the 14th of February.

It would exceed our limits, and render our narrative tedious to the reader, to enumerate the various captures which have been made in the course of the campaign by detached cruizers and fingle frigates. As connected with the general events of the war, it may be proper to mention, that on the 16th of July fir John Borlafe Warren, with the fquadron under his command, difcovered in Hodierne bay a French frigate, with fourteen tranfports laden with ftores for the French navy under her convoy. Of thefe, eight became prizes to the British commodore, two were deftroyed, and the Calliope frigate, which was the convoy, was driven on fhore, and fuppofed to be fcuttled by her crew. On the 11th of the following month a corvette was driven on fhore, and a gun-boat funk at the entrance of the river Sable d'Olonne by the fame gallant commander; and on the 27th he was fo fortunate as to make prizes of a convoy of five more near the mouth of the Garonne, which were laden with naval and military stores for the fhips of war and privateers in the adjacent ports.

In the Weft Indies but little remarkable occurred in the courfe of the campaign, except the reduction of Trinidad, which was taken from the Spaniards in the month of February, by the British forces under the command of fir Ralph Abercrombie and rear-admiral Harvey. On the 12th of that month the forces deftined for the expedition were embarked at Fort Royal in Martinique. On the 16th the British fquadron came within fight of Trinidad, and stood towards the gulph of Paria. At half paft three in the afternoon the Spanish squa dron was difcovered at anchor in Shagramus bay, confifting of four fail of the line, and one frigate, under a rear-admiral's flag. As the day was far advanced before he approached the bay, and the enemy appeared in force on Gafparaux ifland, the admiral ordered three of the fhips of war to proceed a little farther up the gulph, and anchor with all the tranfports, while three others were directed to keep under fail during the night, to prevent any veffel tailing from port Efpagne. At two o'clock the following morning the Spanish Tquadron was difcovered to be on fire, and every one of them but one was confumed. This unexpected change of affairs directed the whole attentica of the general to the attack of the town, of which he potreifed himfelf with ttle or no resistance. Soon after a capitulation was entered into with the governor, and the whole colony fubmitted to his Britannic majesty.

An attempt which proved not fo fuccefful was foon after made by the fame forces which had reduced Trinidad against Porto Rico. On Monday, 17th of April, the flect under the command of admiral

Harvey made the island of Porto Rico, and came to anchor at Congrejos point. The next morning the troops under fir Ralph Abercrombie were difembarked in a small bay on the north fide of the island with little oppofition from about roo of the enemy. On approaching the town, however, it was found to be too ftrongly fortified, and too actively defended by gun-boats and other craft to admit of any hope of fuccefs. After bombarding the town for fome days on the fouth fide near a large magazine, but without effect, the general reimbarked his troops on the 30th of April, and retired with the lofs of about 200 men.

Soon after his arrival in Barbadees, fir Ralph Abercrombie acquainted the council that he had it

in command to raise immediately and embody fome regiments of negroes, to be procured chiefly by purchafe in the different British iflands. The general affembly of Barbadoes, in a committee of the whole houfe, took the fubje&t under confideration in the latter end of January. The speaker, fir John Gay Alleyne, rofe and ftated his reafons for propofing refolutions adverfe to government; and after fome deliberation the affembly refolved, that the propofed measure would be more likely to prove deftructive than advantageous to the defence of the ifland. A fimilar refolution, we have been informed, was entered into by the affembly of Jamaica-fo little confidence have the traffickers in man in the fidelity of thofe whom they hold in chains.

CHAP

CHAP. IX.

Campaign in Italy-Vaft Preparations of the Emperor-Fi Moveme 1 of the Auftrian Army—Advanced Guard of the breach defeated-Buonaparte takes the Field-Auftrians defeated near Verona-French driven from Corona-Battle of St. Marco, where the Auftrians were completely routedAdvances of General Provera—French Retreat from Rouco-Battle of Rcoli-Rear-guard of General Provera cut off by Augereau-Battle of St. George and La Favourite-Provera taken with his whe Army-Auftrians difpe fed and defeated in different Parts-Frenchenter Roveredo-Trent taken by the French-Surrender of Mantua-Invasion of the Papal Territ rics French take Possession of Loretto-Pope flicits a Negotiation-Treaty with the Pope-Auftrian Army again recruited-The Archduke Charies affumes the Command-Auftrians fall back on the Approach of Majena-Rear guard of the Aufirians taken by Mafena--Aufirians defeat den the Banks of the Tagliamento-Village of Gradi a taken-Palma-nuova and Town of Gradijkataker—Goritz taken with all the Anftrian Magazines-French enter Triefte-Battle of Tarvis-La Chinle tak n and all the Auftr as Baggage-Battle of Lavis-Botzen and Brixen taken-Battle of Clagenfort -Letter of Buonaparte to the Arch-duke-French driven from Botzen and Brixen-Battle of Newmark-Battle of Hunfmark-Movements on the Rhine-Armiftic-Treaty-Preliminaries figned between the Emperor and France Government of Venice overthrown by the French--Goversment of Genoa changed.

N

lively but fomewhat in

from his Italian dominions. The

Inated language which has lat- young men of Vienna, not except

terly been characteristic of the French hiftorians, the combats of Buonaparte with the power of Auftria, in Italy, have been compared to that of Hercules with the Lernean Hydra. One vaft army was no fooser deftroyed than another fill more formidable was feen to affume its place, and threaten anew deftruction to the victorious-affailant. Not difcouraged by the calamitous defeat at Arcole, and the confequent deftruction of his bravest troops, the emperor, during the thort refpite which the dead of winter afforded, redoubled his efforts, and depopulated his moft flourishing provinces, to raife fresh levies for the relief of Mantua, and the expulfion of the Gallic armies

to

ing thofe of the highest families,
were embodied into military corps,
and fent poft (a method which was
firft adopted by the French in the
Vendean war) to recruit the army
of Alvinzi. The grand object was
ftill the fame, to penetrate at fome
point or other the line of defence
Buonaparte had established;
march down a ftrong column upon
Mantua, to raife the blockade, to
bring once more the experienced
Warmfer into the open feld, and
by one effort to render nuga ory all
the preceding fuccefies of the
French commander. It required
the active genius of Buonaparte to
ward off a blow fo judiciously
aimed-it required that good for-
tune, which was his invariable at-

tendant,

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tendant, to give effect to those bold and unprecedented manœuvres

which he employed.

It was the latter end of December before the French commander prepared to take the field. The army of Alvinzi amounted at this time, according to report, to 50,000 men, and was posted on the Brenta and in the Tyrol; while the republican army extended along the Adige, occupied the line of Montebello, Corona, and Rivoli, with advanced guards before Verona and Porto Legnago. Mantua ftill remained in a state of close blockade. According to a letter from the emperor to general Wurmfer, the garrifon must have been reduced to -the greatest extremity, in the article of provifions efpecially, having no animal food but the flesh of their horfes.

The Auftrian army commenced its hoftile movements on the 7th of January, and on the following day the divifion which had been pofted at Padua attacked the advanced guard of general Augereau, which was posted at Bevelagna, before Porto Legnago. After a fmart fkirmish, the adjutant-general Dufaux who commanded there found himself under a neceffity of retreating to St. Zeno, and the next day to Porto Legnago, having been enabled by his refiftance to give time to the whole line to be fully apprised of the march of the enemy, and prepared to receive them.

Buonaparte was himself at this time at Bologna. He, however, loft no time in detaching 2000 men who were quartered there towards the Adige, for the relief of Augereau, and immediately after fet out for Verona, before which place the Auftrians appeared on the morning of the 12th. They attacked the advanced guard under general Maf

fena, and were completely defeated with the lofs of 600 prifoners and three pieces of cannon. The attack of the Auftrians it appears was pretty general along the French line; for at the fame moment that the advanced pofts of Maffena were affailed, the divifion under general Joubert was alfo attacked at Corona. The Austrians at first gained fome flight advantages, and became mafters of a redoubt. General Joubert, however, foon rallied his foldiers, retook the redoubt by ftorm, forced the enemy to retire to their former polition, and took upwards of 300 prisoners.

Repulfed but not defeated, however, the Auftrians renewed the attack on Joubert the following day, and with fuch a fuperiority of force, as compelled him to evacuate Corona, and take a pofition before Rivoli. This movement of the enemy left the French general po longer in doubt with respect to the intentions of Alvinzi. It was now evident that the Auftrian general with his main force was defirous of penetrating his line by the way of Rivoli, and of reaching Mantua by that route; the force with which this attack was to be made was at leaft double in number to that under general Joubert. Buonaparte now perceived that no time was to be loft. He ordered immediately large reinforcements from the divifion of Maffena, and other quar ters, to Rivoli, where he arrived in perfon with his staff the fame day at midnight. The difpofitions of general Joubert, though excellent for a fmall divifion, he found by no means adapted to the reinforce ments which he had brought; he therefore immediately ordered them to refume fome of the pofitions which they had evacuated, and in particular the gate of St. Marco,

which was the key of the whole. Buonaparte, with the officers compofing his staff, fpent the whole night in reconnoitering the ground, and examining the pofition of the enemy, who occupied a formidable line of 25,000 ftrong; their right at Caprino, and their left behind St. Marco.

The Auftrian general, who had arranged his plan of attack fome days before, expected neither the prefence of Buonaparte, nor the reinforcements which Joubert received almost at the inftant of attack. While fuch were the difpofitions of the generals, the night proved extremely unquiet to the out pofts on both fides, who kept up almost a conftant fire upon each other; and the refumption of the poft at St. Marco produced a ferious engagement. At day-break on the 14th of January general Joubert with one part of his divifion attacked the enemy upon the declivity of the hill of St. Marco. The other part occupied the centre, and the left was chiefly compofed of the reinforcements which had arrived during the night. The Auftrian general ftill remained ignorant, it appears, both of the prefence of the commander in chief, and of the arrival of the reinforcements. His plans were therefore difconcerted, and he acted in the dark. The battle notwithstanding was long and obftinate, and in its commencement the French were driven from fome of their pofts; while a frell body of the Auftrians advanced to the eminences between the Adige and the lake of Guarda, turned the flank of the French, and completely cut off their communication with Verona and Peschiera. In this embarraffing fituation the general loft nothing of his prefence of mind. He detached two batta1798.

lions to face this new column; and caufed four pieces of light artillery to be planted fo as to cannonade the right of their line. In the mean time a reinforcement under the command of general Rey, which had been tardy in its advances, fortunately arrived and took a po fition exactly in the rear of the column which had turned the French. Buonaparte now preffed the attack with the utmost vigour; and in less than a quarter of an hour the whole column, confifting of 4000 men, laid down their arms. The Auftrians were now every where put to the route, and purfued by the conquerors during the whole of the night. The French general relates, that in the courfe of their flight a body of 500 men surrendered as prifoners to a party of 50 republicans.

The Auftrians remained still mafters of Corona, but they were now difabled from acting on the offenfive. Buonaparte, therefore, ordered general Joubert to attack them the next day, fhould they be ftill fo imprudent as to retain poffeffion of that place; and he then haftened to encounter new difficul ties, and to reap fresh laurels. A column of the enemy, confifting of 10,000 men, under general Provera, had paffed the Adige on the night of the 14th, and obliged the French general Guyeux, who guarded the Adige in this quarter, to fall back from Ronco. He, therefore, detached general Victor with a strong reinforcement to Roverbella, and or dered Maffena alfo to take the fame route, to stop, if poffible, the march of the Auftrians. General Joubert, in the mean time, faithfully adhered to the inftructions of the commander in chief. General Murat had marched the whole of the night of the 14th with a party of R

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