out an imprint, a fenfible and wellwritten tract against the celibacy of the clergy, has been circulated in Germany, entitled " Free Thoughts on the Marriage of Priefts, as the Bafis of a highly neceffary Reform in the Catholic Priesthood, in an Examination of the late Ordinances of the Confiftory of the Prince Bishop, against the Incontinency of the Clergy of the Diocese of Ratisbon, by a Bavarian Profeffor of Theology."-At Magdeburg, M. C. G. Ribbeck pas published a fecond volume of Sermons adapted to the Spirit and Wants of the Times and Place," which are faid to be entitled to equal commendation with the former, noticed in our laft year's Regifter. At Coburg, Onefimus Braun, of the order of St. Francis, has published "Inftructions for a Chriftian Life, in feven practical Difcourfes, delivered to the Country people during Lent," which inculcate found morality, and liberal opinions, and throw out hints that there is no merit in the mechanical faying of a rofary. The latter have procured the author the honour of having his work prohibited at Vienna.

Under the heads of Philofophy, Jurifprudence, and political Economy, we have not a numerous lift of articles to infert in our prefent year's catalogue. At Marburg, profeffor Theodore Tiedemann has published the fixth volume of his learned and ingenious work, entitled" the Spirit of Speculative Philofophy," which we introduced to our readers in our laft volume. This part of our author's labours terminates with the clofe of the feventeenth century. At fome future period, fhould the fentiments of his contemporaries refpecting his qualifications for fuch a task, afford him fufficient encouragement, it is his intention to write the Hiftory of

of Speculative Philofophy during the Eighteenth Century.-At Halle, profeffor Lewis H. Jacob has publifhed a collection of " Miscellane ous Philofophical Etfays in Teleology, Politics, Theology and Morals," the characteristics of which are good fenfe, perfpicuity, and liberality. The moft important of them are on the doctrine of final caufes; the principles by which political opinions and actions are to be judg ed; and a philofophical dialogue on providence. "The Metaphyfics of Morals, by Immanuel Kant," published at Konigsberg, appear to us, inftead of throwing light on that fcience, to confound and bewilder the reader, by the peculiarities which we have repeatedly noticed to be prominent in the profeffor's fyftem.

The fame remark is applicable to his "Metaphyfical Elements of Jurifprudence," publithed at the fame place. Much of what is valuable and important is, without queftion, comprehended in this work, as well as the former, but it is frequently involved in an obfcurity and un intelligiblenets of expreffion, that greatly detract from its merit. The author is an advocate for the reprefentative form of government, abo lithing all hereditary nobility, and hereditary offices of ftate, and allowing the chief magiftrate no authority but merely to execute the will of the people. At Carlshue have appeared "Difcourfes with enlightened Citizens of the County of Baden, at the Conclufion of the Fiftieth Year of the Reign of Charles Frederic," which are ftated to contain a pleafing picture of the bene volent endeavours of a good prince to promote the happiness of his fubjects-At Gottingen, M. G. Fred. von Martens has published a "Sketch of an Hiftorical Developement of the true Origin of the Laws of Bills

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of Exchange; a Fragment of the Hiftory of Trade in the middle Ages; with a Collection of ancient Documents hitherto little known in Germany, confifting chiefly of Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, and Englith Laws on the Subject." The ample title will fufficiently inform the reader of the fubjects of the author's work, in inveftigating which he has difplayed great industry and acuteness. At Hamburg, profeffor Büfch, well known by his valuable theoretico-practical view of commerce, in its various branches, has published an "Etay on the Hiftory of the Commerce of Hamburgh," which is reprefented to be a work of confiderable importance, in a mercantile and political view. — At Leipfic, M. C. P. Laurop has publifhed a treatife which deferves notice, "On the Cultivation of Birch, and its Advantages over other Trees, particularly in Places where Wood is fearce;" and at Gieffen, M. A. F. W. Von Hillef heim has published an ufeful, though fhort treatife in political economy, entitled "The improved Management of the filky-haired (or Angora) Rabbit in Germany, confidered in all its Parts, and collected for the Ufe of those who are actually engaged in it, or who intend to be fo." To the above-mentioned articles we add the titles of the following, published at Berlin: "A Collection of ufeful Eflays and Accounts relative to Architecture, for young Architects, and Lovers of the Science, by fome Members of the royal Pruffian upper architectural Department," in 2 vols. with plates; "The rural Architect's Manual, with a View to the Conftruction of Dwelling Houfes, - and other neceffary Buildings, by D. Gilly," vol. 1.; and "On the Invention, Conftruction, and Ad

1997.

vantages of Roofs formed of Planks, with a particular View to the original Writing of their Inventor," by the fame author.

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In the lift of German productions belonging to the department of Mathematics, Natural Philofophy, &c. we have to infert M. Bode's " AL. tronomical Ephemeris for the Year 1798," and also that" for the Year 1799," published at Berlin, which are not inferior in valuable communications, and interefiing aftronomical news, to their predeceffors. Leipfic, M. J. Theoph. Riedel has published "Inftructions for the Ufe of the Compaís in practical Geométry," illuftrated with twelve plates. Few treatifes will be found fc fatisfactory as that before us, in enabling the reader to determine the degree of accuracy which the compafs admits, the method of proving it, the means of correcting the faults difcovered, and other things necef fary to be known in the ufc of that inftrument.-At Berlin, profeffor Jef. Huth has published a tranflation from the French, of "J. H. Lambert's Treatife on fome acouftic Inftruments, with an Appendix, on the Horn of Alexander the Great, as it is called, on Experiments with an eliptical Speaking Trumpet, and on the Application of Speaking Trumpets to Telegra phy;" which is rendered peculiarly valuable by the additions of the ingenious editor.-At Hamburg, M. G. Schmeiffer has publifhed a work which cannot fail of proving interefting to every lover of feience: it is entitled "Sketch for a better Acquaintance with the prefent Situation of Science in France." Refpecting the National Inftitute, the School of Arts, the School of Mineralogy, and the prefent ftate of ma nufactures in Paris, it conveys very interefting information, from an auU

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thor who examined things very minutely himself, and had an introduction to the moft diftinguished members in each of the fcientific departments; with an account of whom this volume is concluded. At Leipfic, M. J. G. Hoyer, firft lieutenant of the electoral Saxon pontonier corps, has published "a Sketch of a Manual of the Sciences pertaining to a Pontonier, with a View to their Application to military Purposes," in three volumes, which contain a full and perfpicuous account of every thing neceffary to be known in that branch of military tactics. At Berlin, profeffor M. Henry Klaproth has published a fecond volume of "Contributions towards the chemical Knowledge of mineral Bodies," the greater part of which are new, and prefent us with refults of confiderable importance in general chemistry. The art of chemical analyfis will derive much improvement from his labours. In our laft year's Register we announced the appearance of M. Klaproth's first volume. —At Leipfic, profeffor C. F. Ludwig has published "Elements of the natural Hiftory of the human Species, ketched for academical Lectures," containing a variety of moft important facts, and original remarks, whence the author has drawn inftructive conclufions in anthropology. At Halle, M. Fran. von Paula Schrank has published a treatife on the acceffory Veffels of Plants, and their Ufes," illustrated with plates, which contains an ingenious and curious examination of the different kinds of hairs and glands that appear on plants, with a view to afcertain their offices in the economy of vegetable life. He imagines them to be principally destined for the abforption or difcharge of fluids.

At Erlangen, profeffor Olave Swartz

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has publifhed "The Weft India Flora, enlarged and elucidated, &c." volume I. which is fpoken of in very high terms by the foreign reviewers. At Jena and Leipfic, profeffor A. J. C. Batfch has publifhed "a Sketch of natural Hiftory in general, being an Abstract of the Author's Text Books," in which much valuable information is condenfed into a fmall compafs. - At Hanover, M. A. W. Roth has publifhed "Remarks on the Study of aquatic Plants, of the Clafs Cryp togamia," from which the young botanift may derive much useful inftruction. At Pofen and Berlin, M. F. A. von Humboldt has publifhed "Experiments on the irritated nervous and mufcular Fibre, with Conjectures on the chemical Procefs of Life in the animal and vegetable Kingdoms," vol. 1. illuftrated with plates. This is a moft important work, containing a great variety of interefting facts and conclufions from them, in animal electricity, which bid fair to lead to confequences of confiderable moment in the practice of medicine.-At Hanover, profeffor G. R. Treviranus has published a volume of " phyfiological Fragments," on the nervous power, and its mode of action, on vital turgefcence, and on real and apparent organic warmth, from which the author has acquired confiderable reputation on the continent. At Tubingen, M. C. Fred. Cloffius has published an ingenious "Effay on Decollation," in which, on various grounds, he defends the probability of an opinion, firft maintained by profeffor Semmering, that the head is not deprived of confcioufnefs till fome time after it is feparated from the body. At Halle, Dr. Curt Sprengel has published "a Manual of Pathology," in three volumes, in which he has collected and digefted

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all the new known difcoveries in the natural hiftory of man. Dr. Sprengel's medical erudition, and indefatigable induftry of refearch, are well known, and will recommend his labours to the attention of profeffional men.-At Stendal, Dr. S. Theoph. Vogel has published "The Examination of the Sick, or general philofophico-medical Enquiries for the Inveftigation of the Diseases of the human Body," which are conducted with circumfpection, minutenefs, and precifion; and are rendered interefting by the occafional introduction of remarkable cafes from the author's own practice. At Leipfic, a very useful work, and mafterly in point of execution, has appeared, entitled "the Army Phyfician's Manual, or, on the Prefervation of the Health of Soldiers in the Field, Eftablishments for the Cure of their Difeafes, and the Knowledge and Cure of the most important Difeafes liable to occur in a Campaign," in two volumes. — At the fame place, G. Wedekind, phyfician to the army of the Rhine, has published an interefting "Account of the French military Hofpitals," which offers authentic documents to prove, that the health of the fick and wounded foldiers is much more regarded under the republic, than it was under the monarchy, no pains or expenfe being fpared for their recovery. At

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Jena, Dr. C. W. Hufeland has publifhed a work entitled "the Art of prolonging Human Life," which is immoderately extolled by the German journalists. It appears, however, to contain much useful information and inftruction, delivered in the form of lectures, which are divided into two parts; the former, theoretical, the latter, practical. We can only infert the titles of the following publications: "T. S.

Sæmmering's Plate of a female Ske leton, with a Defcription;" royal folio, publifhed at Frankfort; "Defcription of the phyfiological and pathological Preparations in the Collection of Aulic Counsellor Loder, at Jena, by J. Val. H. Koehler," publifhed at Leipfic; "C. S. Anderfch's anatomical phyfiological Differtation on fome Nerves of the hu man Body, published by Ern. Ph. Anderfch, Part I." at Konigfberg; "Anatomical Effays, No. I. on the Structure of the Nerves, illuftrated with three Plates, by J. C. Reil, M. D." published at Halle; " the Hiftory of the falival Syftem, phyfiologically and pathologically confidered, &c. by J. Bart. Sicbold, M.D." published at Jena; "a Journal for Surgery, Midwifery, and forenfic Medicine, published by J. C. Loder, Vol. I. No. I." at the fame place; 66 Treatife on the Venereal Disease, by C. Fr. Cloffius," publifhed at Tubingen; and "on the Effects of mineral Waters, &c. by J. E. Wichmann, Phyfician in ordinary to the King of Great Britain," publifhed at Hanover.

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The next German productions which call for our notice, belong to the departments of Hiftory, Geography, Biography, and Travels. In this Number is "Xpovinov Tewpyie party, &c." now first published, by F. C. Alter, Greek profeffor at Vienna. This is the work of an hiftorian, who claims a diftinguifhed rank among the eye witneffes of the fall of the eastern empire; and profeffor Alter is entitled to the thanks of the literary world for the attention and care with which he has edited it. To the work of Phrantzes he has added the confeflion of faith of the Latins, fent by pope gory IX. to the patriarch Gennanus, with thạ anfwer of the patriarch and his fyV 2

nod,

nod, and fome other creeds from MSS; corrections and additions to the Chronicle, from Crafins's Turengracia; and the epiftle of the prothonotary Theodofius Zygomalas to Martin Crufius. — At Leipfic, M. S. F. G. Wahl has published "ancient and modern fore and middle Afs. being a geographical, phyfical, and fitiftical Defcription and Hiftory of the Perfian Empire." On this work the author has beftowed uncommon induftry, in collecting information from the clailical writers of antiquity, the works of learned moderns on eaftern hiftory and antiquities, and the accounts of ingenions and well-informed travellers into Perfia, which have been paoithed in this country, as well as on the continent. He has, likewife, exercited much judgment in selecting, combining, and arranging his various materials, to as to prefent his readers with the beft geographico‐hiftorical defcription of Perfia, which has hitherto been produced: we mean as far as the author has proceeded. For the prefent volume, although of no small magnitude, is only the firit of an intended feries ca the fame fabieût. — At Halle, and Leiric, profesor Manglesdorf has published the ancient History of the World, complled for the Uie of his own Children, and others from twelve to Liten Years old, or upwards," in four volumes, which is executed with judgment and ípirit, and will be found inftructive, as well as entertaining, by many men not unacquainted with history, as well as by young prions in the ccurie of their education. At Berlin, M. C. L. Weltmann has rhthed the first volume of a Hifery of the States of Europe;" a hich is employed on the hiftory of France. The foreign reviewers fate it to be the work of no common biterian, but of one who poles

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a truly philofophical head, a pho found knowledge of mankind, and peculiar acuteneis and felicity in the delineation of character by a few matterly frokes.-At Achigfberg, M. J.G. Georgi has publ. thed the trit volume of a geographical and phyfical Description of the Raffian Empire," which is intended to be completed in three volumes. M. Georgi retided for a confiderable time in the various governments of the Ruffian empire, and among other fources of information had the op portunity of confuluing many manufcripts, and a number of Ruman works, which are for the most part unknown to foreigners. His respectable talents will enable him, from the advantages which he has poffeffed, to furiin his readers with an inftructive and entertaining work relative to that country. The prefent volume, as far as it extends, is entitled to that character. Leiptic, M. E. A. W. Zimmermann, counfellor of the court, and profeffor at Brunfwie, &c. has pub

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thed the firft volume of “ a comparative Elay on France and the United States of North America, with reference to their Sells, CHmates, Productions, Inhabitants, Conftitutions, and progrelive Formation." The principal object of this work is, to thew the diffimilarity between the revolutions of France and America, in their caufes and confequences, from a defcripton of the different countries and their inLabitants. Whatever the reader may think respecting the importance of the author's design, and the ultimate fuccefs of his indutinous and ingenious refearches, from the fpecimen before us he will conclude, that they will fapply him with a large is of vaidible and curious information, and offer to him many topics of dication which will prove interefing and entertaining. - At Weimar,