Chief Magistrate, nor commit any hostility in those harbours which may be detrimental to the said Republic or King.

XIX. That neither the said Republic nor King shall suffer the ships and goods of either of their people, which shall at any time be taken by the enemies or rebels of the other, and carried to any ports or places of the other's Territorities or Dominions, to be conveyed away from the owners or proprietors; but the same shall be restored to them, or their attornies, provided they lay claim to such ships and goods before they are sold and cleared, and either prove their right, or exhibit testimonies of their property in them, within three months after the said ships and goods are so carried off; and in the mean time the proprietors shall pay and discharge the necessary expenses for the preservation and custody of the said ships and goods.

XX. That the people and inhabitants of the Republic of England, who frequent the Kingdoms, Dominions, and Countries, of the said King, for the sake of traffic, or who arrive at His harbours with their ships, shall not pay for tonnage, anchorage, or other expences of the harbours, any other customs, or sums of money, besides those usually paid to the King, or the Chamber of Lisbon; and if any other ill custom has crept in, it shall not be regarded hereafter.

XXI. That no tribute shall be demanded from any of the people of this Republic, either in Lisbon or in any other place, to be paid to the Chapel of St. George, nor shall they be compelled to perform any duties in person, or to wear any sort of arms, or to furnish others therewith.

XXII. That the merchants of either of the Parties aforesaid, and their factors, servants, families, brokers, and other officers, pilots, and masters of ships, and seamen, shall securely and freely pass up and down in the Dominions, Territories, and Countries of the said Republic and King, as also in their harbours, and on their shores; and the people and subjects of the one shall have and hold dwelling-houses of their own, in any of the Dominions of the other, wherein they may reside, together with warehouses for laying up their goods and merchandize, as long as they hire the same, without molestation from any person. They shall also be at liberty to wear swords, and to carry arms with them, both

offensive and defensive, according to the manner and custom of the place, for the better security of their persons and goods.

XXIII. That all goods and merchandize of the said Republic or King, or of their people or subjects, found on board the ships of the enemies of either, shall be made prize, together with the ships, and confiscated to the public; but all the goods and merchandize of the enemies of either, on board the ships of either, or their people or subjects, shall remain untouched.

XXVII. It is also agreed and concluded, that both Parties shall truly and firmly observe and put in execution the present Treaty, and all and every Article and Articles therein contained and comprehended, and cause the same to be observed and effectually performed by the people, subjects, and inhabitants of each respectively.

XXVIII. It is also agreed and concluded, that the present Treaty, and all and every point and points therein contained and concluded, shall, within six months next ensuing, be confirmed and ratified by the said Lord Protector, and the King, by the Letters Patent of both Parties, sealed with the great seal, in a due and authentic form; and within the said term, mutual Instruments shall be delivered on both sides, and the said Peace and Confederacy shall be proclaimed in the usual forms and places, immediately after the delivery and exchange of the Instruments.

In witness and testimony of all which, we, the Commissioners of His Highness the Lord Protector, and the Ambassadors Extraordinary of the Most Serene King, by virtue of our respective Commissions and full Powers, have signed the present Treaty with our own hands, and sealed it with our seals.

Done at Westminster, the 10th day of July, in the year, 1654. Signed NATH. FIENNES, (L.S.) WALT. STRICKLAND, (L.S.)

SECRET ARTICLE.

The people and inhabitants of the Commonwealth of England, following their commerce, as aforesaid, within the Kingdoms, Dominions, Ports, and Territories of the said King, shall not pay any customs or duties but in manner following; that is to say,

the goods, merchandizes, and manufactures of the English, in setting rates, according to which they are to pay their customs (which shall never exceed 23 per cent.) shall be favorably valued according to the rates of the Custom-house, and the ancient laws of the realm; and if at any time it be designed to raise them higher, because the true and real value of the said goods is increased, it shall not be done but in the presence and by the advice of two English Merchants, then residing in Portugal, and chosen by the English Consul; and if it shall happen that the price of commodities shall fall, the value or rate shall, in like manner, from time to time be abated, according to the said rule and law and if any controversy shall happen to arise about the said valuation, that doubt shall be determined by such indifferent arbitrators as shall be chosen by the Consul of the English nation, and the Officers of the Custom-house. The subjects and inhabitants of the said Kingdom, trading in the Dominions and Territories of the said Commonwealth, shall pay the present customs and duties as they are now valued in the month of May, 1654, according to the laws and customs of the place; and likewise they shall, on both sides, observe the laws and customs of each place. And thus it was agreed upon and concluded, that the above said Article, and every thing contained therein, shall be confirmed and ratified by the said King, and by the said Lord Protector, by the Letters Patent of the one and the other Party, sealed with the great seal, in due and authentic form, within six months next following: and within the said time Instruments shall be passed or exchanged by the one and the other Party.

In faith and testimony whereof, we, the Commissioners of His Highness the Lord Protector, as well as the Commissioner of the said Most Serene King, by the force and virtue of our respective Commissions, the aforesaid secret Article have signed with our hands, and to the same have affixed our usual seals.

Done at Westminster, the 10th day of July, 1654.

TREATY between Great Britain and Portugal. Signed at Whitehall, 23d June, 1661.*

EXTRACT. (Translation from the Latin.)

1. That all Treaties made between Great Britain and Portugal since, 1641, until this very time, shall be ratified and confirmed in all points and to all intents, and shall receive as full force and ratification by this Treaty, as if they were herein particularly mentioned and inserted word by word.

XI. That for the better improvement of the English interest and trade in the East Indies, and that the King of Great Britain may be better enabled to assist, defend, and protect the subjects of the King of Portugal, in those parts, from the power and invasion of the States of the United Provinces; the King of Portugal, with the advice and consent of His Council, doth give, transfer, and by these Presents, grant and confirm unto the King of Great Britain, His heirs and successors, for ever, the Port and Island of Bombain in the East Indies, with all the rights, profits, territories, and appurtenances whatsoever thereunto belonging, and as well the profits and revenue, as the direct, full, and absolute Dominion and Sovereignty of the said port, island, and premises, with all the royalties thereof, freely, fully, entirely, and absolutely. He doth also covenant and grant, that the quiet and peaceable possession thereof shall, with all possible speed, be freely and effectually delivered to the King of Great Britain, or such person as His Majesty shall thereunto appoint, for His use, in performance of this grant: the inhabitants of the said island (as the King of Great Britain's subjects, and under His sovereignty, crown, jurisdiction, and Government) being suffered still to live there, and enjoy the free exercise of the Roman Catholic Religion, in the same manner as now they do it being understood and declared once for all, that the same order shall be observed for the exercise and preservation of the Roman Catholic Religion, in Tangier, and all other places which shall be delivered by the King of Portugal into the possession of the King of Great Britain, as was provided for and agreed, upon the delivery of

*Renewed by Article XXVI of the Treaty of 1810.

Dunkirk into the hands of the English. And when the King of Great Britain shall send His fleet to take possession of the said Port and Island of Bombain, they shall have instructions to give all manner of encouragement, help, and assistance, to the subjects of the King of Portugal in the East Indies, and to protect them in their trade and navigation there.

XII. That the subjects of the King of Great Britain may enjoy the more full benefit of trade and commerce, in all the Dominions of the King of Portugal, it is agreed, that their merchants or factors (above what hath been granted by former Treaties) may, by virtue of this Treaty, reside in all places they shall choose, and particularly that they shall live and enjoy all privileges and immunities, in order to trade, which the Portugueze themselves enjoy, in the cities and towns of Goa, Cochim, and Dio; provided that the subjects of His Majesty of Great Britain, who are to reside in any of the said places, shall not exceed the number of four families in any one place.

XIII. The like privileges, liberties, and immunities, the King of Great Britain's subjects shall enjoy in the towns of Bahia de todos os Santos, Pernambuco, and Rio de Janeiro, in the Territory of Brazil, and in all other of the King of Portugal's Dominions, in the West Indies.

Signed at Whitehall, 23d June, 1661.

TREATY between Great Britain and Portugal (and the States General). Signed at Lisbon, 16th May, 1703*

EXTRACT. (Translation from the Latin.)

1. All former Treaties between the above-said Powers are hereby approved, confirmed and ratified, and are ordered to be exactly and faithfully observed, except in so far as by the present Treaty is otherwise provided and established; so that there shall be between the said Kingdoms and States, their people and subjects, a sincere friendship and perfect amity: they shall all of them

* Renewed by Article XXVI of the Treaty of 1810.